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1 

I LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. I 

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S UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. ^ 

ii 



ORATION, 



ON THE OCCASION- OF CELEBRATIXG 



THE FORTIETH AKMVERSARY 



OF 



THE BATTLE OF LAKE ERIE ; 



EELIVEREB 



OX THE TENTH OF SEPTEMEEn, 18.53, 



IN NEWPORT, 11. I 



BY 



v/. 



GEORGE H. CALVERT 



■SECOND EDITION. 




PROVlCJENCEj 

B. T. ALBRO - PRTXTPlB, 

186-4, 



NE^v^'^ET, ScptomBci- ri'tR, rSo3',- 
G. H. CalVeut, E.sa. . — 

Deaii Sni, — At a meeting of the Committee of Arrangements on Moncla3r 
avening, 12tli, it ■\va'5 voted unanimously that a copy of your very able and clo- 
qjiont discourse on the loth be requested for publication. 

Very respectfully, 

II. E. TcilXEK, 

Seo'ctari/. 



:^EAV'poiiT, K, I., September I6th,. 185?, 
Dea'r sin, — 
I acknowledge with much gratilication the receipt of your note of the 14th, 
rc:iuesting, in behalf of the Committee of Arrangements, a copy for publication 
®f the address I delivered on the 10th instant. 

It Avill give me much pleasure to comaiily with this request,, mid so soon as I 
shall have written out the address I will transntii it to you. 

Jlost rcspet!tfuUy yours, 

G^II.- Calvert^ 
Bit. Heviiy E. Tuii-XEi!, Secretartj^ 



'^y 



D n A T I () :x 



Tellow-Oitizens : — 

"We have met to ccmmemoime ^ glorious national cvem. 
And we of Rhode Island and of Newport have ^so met, because 
tho leader therein, and many of the agents therein, were our 
fellow- citizens, our fellow- townsmen. Patrictism, thankful- 
mess, and an honorable pride bring us together to celdbraie the 
ffortieth anniveisary of tlie Battle -of Lake Erie. 

For a people overflowing witk prosperity, already colossal "in \ 
power, it is a privilege, as it is a most grateful dirty, to do honor 
tto these 'wfe-o, at a time of poverty and weakness, by the wealtk 
of their individual resources, by the power of strong arms and f 
rstrong hearts, performed deeds that were at once the prophecies 
•and the sources of national wealth and national power. The 
isecure comforts of our countless American homes, the millions 
of happy hearths that send up their smoke to-day, over our 
'blessed land, all draw some of their warmtli from the warm 
l)lood that was shed on the decks of itke Erie fleet. The 
^strength of the arms that, itkroFigk ehe iron hail of the enemy,' 

bore Perry in his boat from a «kattered to a fresh ship, that 

strength has multiplied itsslf iif pan rthe nation. A brave battle 
is a national fortification for ever. High deeds of arms, done 
in a just cause, are creative: they live net in tlie memory only^ 
vthev live too in tho heart. 



But from tlio beginning of our history, the military has been 
entirely subordinated to the civil power. Therefore it is, that 
that history is so significant, so instructive, so elevated. We 
achieved our independence by a war for principles ; we pre- 
served and confirmed it by a second war; for the war of 1812 
was but the finishing of that of 177G. 

Into the second, as into the first, we entered reluctantly,, 
forced into it by the righteous necessities of self-preservation ; 
after we had for years borne assumptions and insolences, a frac- 
tion whereof would now fire the whole country into instanta- 
neous war. But in 1812 national spirit was not, and logically 
could not be, in these Uniteil States. Although by a sublime 
struggle we had rid ourselves of the political supremacy of 
England, we were intellectually, scientifically, industrially, de- 
pendent on hor. She ruled over us still, by the unavoidable,, 
and I may say healthy, predominance of the mature mother over 
the daughter yet in her teens. 

When Congress declared war against Great Britain in 1812,. 
the English navy counted one thousand sail ; that of the United 
States, eighteen, nine of them frigates, and nine of a cliass be- 
low frigates. This unparalleled magnitude of naval power^ 
backed too by the prestige of British invincibility at sea, was 
still further magnified by the general, almost universal, Ameri- 
can deference to supposed English superiority. The sense of 
hopeless weakness, in the presence of such a mighty armament 
came nigh to be ofiicially embodied in an order from the Fed- 
oral Government to lay up our public vessels in ordinary, to pre- 
vent their being captured by the enemy ; an order which it is 
positively asserted would have been issued, but for the remon- 
strance of two naval officers^ Bainbridge and Stewart, (names* 
that are otherwise dear to the American heart,) who sought an 
interview with President Madison,, and soon, convinced him of 
the fglly and wrong of such a jirorcdure ;: whereupom Mr» 



Madison took upon himself against the wish and advice of his 
Cabinet, to with-hold the order. 

These gentlemen, with the small band of their naval breth- 
ren, were in advance of the general feeling and knowledge of 
the country. And needful is it for the well-being of a country 
that, in the high spheres of thought and action, it always have 
some men who are in advance of the common knowledge and 
common conviction. With bold self-reliance these officers went 
ahead ; they spoke out theii- convictions ; th^y spoke them out 
in the teeth of the government ; and very soon they made good 
their words by their deeds. 

It were a grateful task to dwell for a few moments on our 
first naval triumphs, especially the first capture of a British 
frigate, the Guerriere, by the Constitution, under Hull ; the 
moral effect of which, I might say without an exaggerated fig- 
ure of speech, was, that it made old England turn pale, while 
young America it flushed with the glow of a new- power. But 
our own theme is large and rich enough to engross us to-day. 

For accomplishing their purpose of protecting the northern 
frontier, and invading Canada, our government soon perceived 
that a naval force on Lake Erie was indispensable. 

In the winter of 1812 and 1813 there was stationed at New- 
port a fleet of gun-boats, commanded by a citizen of Rhode 
Island, our fellow-townsman, Oliver Hazard Perry, at that time 
a commander in the navy. Discontented with a duty so inglo- 
rious, and "possessing," — to quote from one of his letters of 
that period, — " possessing an ardent desire to meet the enemies 
of my country," Captain Perry applied for and obtained the 
command on Lake Erie. He immediately sent forward a large 
body of men, who, having become attached to him while under 
his orders at Newport, volunteered for this remote service. On 
the 22d of February he himself set out, and after a long, 
tedious journey, — part of it through a region Avhich was at that 



6 

lime almost a wilderness, being detained, too, a fortnight at 
Sackett's Harbor, with Conantodore Channcey, — on the 27tli 
of March he reached the viMagfi of Erie, on a small ba}-, about 
half-way up the lake. 

The work Captain Perry had to do was, first to create a fleet, 
and then, with that fleet, to beat the British fleet, — work 
enough for a young man of twenty-seven. The American fleet 
was still growing on the shcre of the lake. Little had been 
done : of the materials and stores needed, scarcely tmy had 
been provided. Not half the mechanics had arrived. Not a 
cannon was yet on the ground, nor iron, nor cordage, nor can- 
vas. Everything required to equip and arm a fleet had to be 
brought long distances over bad roads. There was not even a 
cartridge in the place for defence of the ship-yards. Against 
obstacles and difficulties, against delays and disappointments, 
through chagrins and mortifications. Captain Perry worked with 
such rapid and intelligent energy, that by the 2-lth of May all 
his vessels were launched, — two tweniy-gun brigs and three 
gun-boats. 

On the 23d of May, learning that Commcdore Chauneey had 
come up to the western end of Lake Ontario, for the pur[X)se of 
making a combined attack by land and water on Fort George, 
Captain Perry set out at nightfall in a boat to join him. Ac- 
cording to previous agreement between him and Commodore 
Chauneey, lie had command -of the sailors and marines em- 
ployed in Ihe attack, to the :smccess of which he, by his milita- 
ry judgment, promptness and courage, largely contributed. His 
services, were, in the official report, warmly acknowledged by 
Commodore Chauneey, wiiio, in concluding, said : — " He Ava'S 
present at every point where he could be useful, under showers 
of musketry, but fortunately escaped unhurt.'' 

One of the first fruits of this victory was, that it liberated 
five small vessels belonging to our government, which had been 



blockaded at Black Rock, by the enemies' batteries on the Can- 
ada shore. These Captain Perry dragged, with great labors 
against the rapid current of the Niagara River, into Lake Erie ^ 
and, setting sail with them from Buffalo, by boldness and skill 
he eluded the British squadron, and reached Erie with his flotil- 
la on the 18th of June. The equipping of the vessels was now 
pushed forward as fast as it could be. By the 10th of July the 
guns were all mounted. The great want was men. Here the 
government had failed in its duty. On the 15th of July there 
were but 1120 fit for service, just enough, to iman one of the 
twenty-gun brigs. The British squadron was ci'urising off" the 
harbor, as if to beard the Americans ; the Secretary of the Navy 
and General Harrison were writing letters, urging Captain Perry 
to action. How galling must have been, under these circum- 
stances, enforced inactivity, to an eager, nicinly spirit, burning 
with desire to grapple with the enemy, and fully conscious of 
the importance of the part intrusted to liim, and of the hopes 
of the country ! * At last, on the 2d of August, having re- 
ceived several driblets of reinforcements, he took advantage of 
a temporary absence of the British squadron, to get his two 
brigs over the bar ; and immediately, although himself, his ofii- 
cers and men, were exhausted by forced work and loss of rest, 
he cleared his decks for action, and with a fleet hardly more 
than half-manned, weighing anchor before daybreak, on the 6th 
of August, stood out in pursuit of the «nemy. Tlie next day, 
after a fruitless cruise, {he wind being unfavorable, he returned 
to Erie. 

On the 9th, Captain Perry received from Commodore Chaun- 
cey a most welcome addition of one hundred men and officers ; 
and having taken on board military stores for the army, and 
ranging his vessels in battle order, so as to engage the enemy 
should he fall in with him on the way. he set sail on the 12th 



* ScG Appendix A, 



8 

of August for the upper end of the lake, there to co-operate with 
General Harrison. 

With the liveliest joy, the army hailed the arrival of the 
American squadron off Sandusky. General Harrison, with a 
numerous suite of officers and Indian chiefs, hastened on board 
to greet him. From General Harrison Captain Perry received 
his last reinforcement, in a draft from the ranks of the army 
of about forty-five volunteers, chiefly Kentuckians. These 
brave fellows, though till then they had never seen a man-of- 
war, were ready, after a few days drilling at the guns, to do ex- 
cellent service on the 10th of September. A country that is so 
strongly braced by freedom, as to rear independent, self-reliant 
citizens, will never in time of need lack fighters. 

In the mean time the British squadron was lying sheltered in 
the harbor of Maiden, waiting for the Detroit, its largest ship, 
built for this occasion, and not yet fully equipped. Sailing over 
to Maiden, Captain Perry returned the visits which Captain Bar- 
clay had paid him at Erie, running on the 1st of September 
very close in, and continuing all day off" the harbor with his 
colors set. The enemy showing no disposition to accept his 
offer of battle, he bore away again. 

On the 9th of September, the American squadron lay moored 
in Put-in Bay, near the mouth of the Sandusky. In the even- 
ing. Captain Perry summoned on board his vessel the comman- 
ders, to receive final instructions for their guidance during the 
expected battle. To each of them he gave a written order, 
which concluded as follows : " Engage each your designated 
adversary in close action, at half cable's length." And on part- 
ing, he further enforced this order with words quoted from Nel- 
son : " If you lay your enemy alongside, you cannot be out of 
your place." 

At sunrise on the 10th, from the masthead of the Atnerican 
riag-ship, the British squadron Was descried to the northwest, 



bearing do\r!i tovrar-Js PiU-iii Ba}-. Captain Perry instantly 
ordered signal to be made " to get under way,"' and in a few 
minutes the whole s-jiiadroii Avas beating cut of the harbor with 
a light breeze from the southwest. The wind being light and 
unsteady, beating cut was slow and tedious. Growing impa- 
tient, Captain Perry directed the sailing-master of the Lawrence, 
Mr. W. V. Taylor, to wear ship. Mr. Taylor (who is present 
here tc-day) remarked^ that they wculd then have to engage the 
enemy from to leeward. To this Captain Perry replied : " I 
don't care, to windward or to leeward, they shall light to-day."' 
Happily the wind suddenly clianged to the southeast, and by 
ten oVlock the American squadron had cleared the islands, still 
keeping tho weathorgagc. When the wind shifted, the British 
sijuadron hove to, distant six or seven miles. 

The xVrnerican squadron consisted of nine vessels, carrying 
fifty-four guns. These we:e, the Lawrence * and the Niagara, 
brigs, each caiTyiag tweiity guns ; the Ariel, schooner, of four 
guns ; tbc Caledonia, of three : the Scorpion of two ; the Som- 
crs, of two : and the Tigris, Trippe, and Porcupine, eacli of 
one gun. The crews of these nine vessels counted (including 
olficers) barely five hundred men, one hundred of whom, were, 
the day of the battle, on th.*; sick list. 

The British squadron consisted of six vessels, carrying sixty- 
' three guns. Tiie Detroit, of nineteen; the Q,ucen Charlotte of 
) seventeen ; these two were shijs, and although carrying three 
guns less than the Lawrence and the Niagara, v^'cre stouter, and 
had more Ions guns. Now observe, that in enmnerating the 
American vessels, next to the two largest, come two of four and 
three guns ; whereas, next to the two largest British, are two of 
thirteen and ten guns, the Lady Prcvcst and the Hunter. These 



* While she was on the stocks at Erie, news came of the heroic fight of tho 
Che!^,apeakc, in honor of wI-.orc commnncTcr fihc v.-as named, by order of the Sec- 



i 



10 

four carried fifty-nine guns, being jfive more than the whole 
American squadron, besides the advantage of concentrating 
them on a few vessels. The Little Belt and Chippewa carried 
two or three guns each. The number of men in the two fleets 
is estimated to have been about equal. The commanders in 
the British squadron were generally of higher grade than those 
of the American, and of more naval experience. Their gallai^kt 
Commodore, Barclay, had been with Nelson at Trafalgar. Cap- 
tain Perry had never before even witnessed the movement of 
vessels combined in a fleet ranged for battle. 

Captain Perry noAV made a final inspection of his -ship. Com- 
ing to some men who had been in the Constitution, he said to 
them; "Well, boys, are you ready?" "All ready, your lion- 
••or." "But I need say nothmg to you," he added, " you know 
5iow to beat those fellows." Recognizing some of his towns- 
tmen, he exclaimed, "Ah ! here are the Newport boys ; they '11 
do their duty, I warrant." Then, taking from his state-room a 
large flag, he mounted on a gun, and calhng his crew around 
him, he addressed them : " My brave lads, on this flag are the 
dying words of Captain Lawrence ! Shall I hoist it ? " "Ay, 
ay, sir ! " And in a moment, from the masthead of the Law- 
rence floated the flag, on which in large letters, as the battle-cry 
of the day, were inscril^ed the words, — " Don't give up the 
'Ship ! " As the crews of the other vessels caught sight cf 
them, they sent up an enthusiastic shout. And the sick below, 
learning the cause of the shout, many of them came up on the 
decks, to offer their feeble services ; — such life is there in the 
dying words of a hero. To one of those on board the Law- 
rence, Mr. Taylor said, "Go below. Mays, you are too weak to 
be here." " I can do something, sir." "What can you do?" 
"I can sound the pump, sir, and let a strong man go to the 
jguns." He sat down by the pump, and sent the strong man to 
ithe guns ; and when the fight was ended, there he was fouM 



II 

with a ball through his heart. He was from Newport ; his; 
name was Wilson Mays. 

The solemn suspense was at last broken, at a quarter before 
twelve, by a bugle sounded on board the Detroit, and answered; 
by cheers from the whole British squadron. This, then- con- 
certed signal for action, was quickly followed by a shot fron:B 
the Detroit, aimed at the Lawrence, which did not take effect. 
A second shot passed through her bulwarks. At five minutes 
feefore twelve, the Lawrence returned the fire, and then, the 
Ariel and Scorpion on her weather-bow, and the Caledonia and 
Niagara astern, opening with their long guns, and all the Brit- 
ish vessels doing the same, the engagement became general at 
noon, but at long distance, the two squadrons being on an 
average, about a mile apart. 

Captain Perry finding, that, from the superiority of the Brit- 
ish in long guns, he was suffering more damage than he could 
inflict, passed the word by trumpet to the other vessels to close- 
up, and, crowding sail on the Lawrence, bore down to within 
three hundred feet of the Detroit, where he opened a rapid, des- 
tructive fire. The Ariel, commanded by Lieutenant Packet, the 
Scorpion, Mr. Champlain, and the Caledonia, Midshipman Tur- 
ner, had closed in company Avith him, the Caledonia, with her 
three guns, diverting from the Lawrence, in so far as she could, 
the fii-e of the Hunter, with ten guns. The Queen Charlotte, 
when she saw that her carronades did not reach the Niagara, 
filled her main topsail at about half past twelve, passed the 
Hunter, and placing herself astern of the Detroit, opened fire 
upon the Lawrence. For two hours did Captain Perry and his 
ship stand the brunt of the battle ; for, although he was gallant- 
ly supported, and as vigorously as could be Avith their small ar- 
maments by the Caledonia, Lieutenant Turner, Ariel, Lieuten- 
ant Packet, and the Scorpion^ Mr. Champlin, the batteries of 



12 

the Detroit, the (iueeii Charlotte, and the Hunter \verc, during 
all that time, chielly leveled at the L.awrence.* 

At half past two o'clock, out of cue hundred and one sound 
men, wherewith the Lawrence had gone into action, twenty- 
two were killed, and sixty-one wounded, a slaughter unprece- 
dented in naval warfare ! Her rigging was sliot away, her spars 
were splintered, her sails torn to pieces, her guns dismounted ; 
she lay a helpless wreck on the water. Captain Perry had him- 
self just assisted to fire her last gun. He ordered the beat to be 
lou'cred ; and, saying to his first lieutenant, Mr. Yarnall. — who, 
though severely wounded, refused to stay below,' — '• I leave to 
your discretion to strike or not, luit the American colors must 
not come down over my head to-day," he took the battle-flag 
under his arm, and descended into the boat. 

My fellow-citizens, we who live near the sea know, that, after 
a short experience on water, every one conforms to the univer» 
sal practice of sitting down the moment he enters a boat, having 
learned by a fev/ trials that this is necessary alwaj^s to the 
trimming of a boat, and often to its safety. Captain Ferry 
stood erect in the stern as the boat pushed off, and it was only 
upon the urgent entreaties, and finally, it is said, even threats of 
the oarsmen, that he sat down. Now this standing up ]3rcceeded 
from neither thoughtlessness nor design ; it was simply the un- 
conscious emphatic expression of the unconquered, unconquera- 
ble spirit of the man. 

A few minutes later, the Lawrence, not having a gun that 
could be fired, nor men to work it if there had been one, hauled 
down her colors. As the American colors came doAvn, there 
went up Irom the British ships a shout of triumph ; and the 
wounded in the liawrence learning the cause of this shout, their 
hearts sank within them : they refused to be tended by the snr= 

* See Appendix E. 



13 

geoii, crying our in llieir anguish,— '• Sink 'the sliip ! Bink lli^-i 
ship ! Let us all sink together ! "' There was a crew worthy 
of their crnimander, and a commander worthy of his crew. 

Unscathed by the shower of grape and luillets that followed 
him in the boat, Captain Perry, in ten minutes from the time 
that he tpiitted the Lav^a'cnce, mounted the sides of the Niaga=- 
ra, which vessel he found untouched in her spars or rigging, and 
witli but three men wounded on her desks. 11': (juickly hove 
out the signal for close action, which, as the answering pendants 
went up, v/as greeted with hearty cheers throughout the line, 
showing the revived hope and spirit of the whole spiadron.--- 
-He put up the helm of the Niagara, bore directly down upon 
the enemy, broke through his line, and, passing at half pistol- 
shot between the Lady Prevost and Chippewa en his larboard, 
and the Detroit, Queen Charlotte, and Hunter on his starboard, 
poured in, right and left, from double-shotted guns, terrific 
broadsides ; then, ranging ahead of th-e ships on liJs starboard^ 
he rounded to, raked the Detroit and Q,ueen Charlotte, that had 
got foul of each othor, and conthmed to deliver a close and 
deadly fu'c. 

As the Lawrence fell out of the line to windward, her i lace 
against the Detroit had been taken by tlie Caledonia, command- 
ed by our townsman, Mr. Daniel Turner, while her place, was 
filled by the Trippe, a fast sailor, commanded by Mr. Holdup 
Stevens ; and these gallant young men had exchanged signals 
to board the Detroit, when they perceived the Niagara bearing 
down to break the British line. In that grand movement, so 
closely was Perry followed by Turner, that the jib-bocm of the 
Caledonia touched the stern of (he Niagara. 

Meanwhile, tlie freshened breeze had brou2;tit un the vessels 
astern, the Somers, Mr. Almy, the Tigris, Lieutenant Conklin, 
and the Porcupine, Midshipman Senat ; and now, for the first 
line duing the action, the whole American s piadron, except 



T4" 

the' disabled Lawrence, was, at the same moment, actively en- 
gaged. In eight minutes from the time that Captain Perry 
"brolbe their line, the British colors came down. 

Tlie battle ended af three o'clork. The cannon hushed. 

Tlie deep silence of nature, so long banished from the lake; 
suddenly returned,, broken only by the cries of the wounded and 
the dying. As the wind bore away the intermingled smoke,- 
the British squadron was discovered to be neai'ly mclosed by the 
Am-erican. This was the first Am'erican fleet that ever in line- 
of battle encountered an enemy. The British fleet was the; 
first fleet, since England had a navy, that had been captured. 

At four o'clock, when the most pressing needs of the moment 
had been supplied. Captain Perry withdrew to the cabin, to 
communicate the victory to General Harrison. This he did itx 
the following words : — ' 

" Deaii General : 

"We have met the enemy, and they are- ours. Two ships,. 
two brigs, one schooner, and one sloop. Yours, Avith great re- 
spect and esteem, 

"O. H, PERRY," 

At the same time, he' Wrote to the Secretary of the Navy : — ' 

" U, S. Brig Niagara, off tlic Westernmost Sister, 
Head of Lake Erie, Sept.- i'O, 1813, 4 P. M. 
"Sir:- 

" It has pleased the Almighty to give to the arms of the; 

United States a signal victory over their enemies on this lake. 

The British squadron, consisting of two ships, two brigs, one 

schooner, and one sloop, have this moment surrendered to the^ 

force under my command, after a sharp conflict. 

"I have the honor to be, Sir, very respectfully, your obedient 

servant y 



a 



O. H, perry; 



15 

'These despatches, brief, clear, modest, penned without delib- 
<eration, in the moment of victory, have a deserved celebrity. 

Captain Perry now returned to his own ship, to receive oii 

her deck, in presence of the small remnant of her noble crew 

the commanders of .the captured fleet. As he came over the 

side of the Lawrence, he was met by her surviv^ing officers. — 

Not a word was spoken, — the moment was too solemn for 

.speech. Around .them, the bodies of their slaughtered com- 

.rades lay, where .they had fallen, on the deck that was slippery 

•with their blood : and the .ship resounded with the groans of 

;the wounded. Standing on the after part of the deck, Captain 

Perry received the British officers, who, in appoaching him, 

picked their way over the slain. In a low voice he spoke words 

of dignity and kindness, and requesting Ihem to retain their 

side arms, which, with hilts towards him, they had proffered, he 

inquired with unaffected interest for Commodore Barclay and 

.his wounded officers. 

This proud ceremony over, and the British officers having 
retired, he said to Mr. Taylor, about sunset : " I am very weary, 
and should like to sleep. ShaU I be safe here ?'' In the centre 
of the deck was a crowd of prisoners, guarded by ]\Ii-. Taylor 
,-and two or three of his men. " Have no fear, Sir," Mr. Tay- 
lor replied ; <'I insure your safety." And overcome by the 
great day's Avork, which he had entered on still feeble from fev- 
er, with his arms crossed on his breast, and his drawn sword in 
bis hand, he lay down on the deck beside the slain, and slept. 

One last sad duty remained, — the burial of the dead. Ac- 
tcording to usage, the men Avere committed to the deep that they 
had reddened with their blood, the officers were carried on 
'.shore. The surviving officers of both nations — in the reversed 
order of their rank. Captain Perry bringing up the rear — fol- 
lowed them in procession, and to the music of minute guns, fired 
hy turns from either squadron, and a dirge by their united bands. 



Hi 

the bodies ^vo:v laid hi t]ic ir graves, r;ide by ride, Biiten ai:ef 
American aJtornately, and ever them was read, iu the language 
ccmnien to both, the impreesive burial-service cf the Anglican 
Church. 

The nmiiber cf killed and Avcnnded in the British, scjcadrcii 
was, according to Cajtain I'arclay's official! rej.crt, 4 I killed and 
94 wcnnded ; in the American, '17 killed and 07 v/rnnded, 
Vidrereof 22 cf the killed and Gl of the v.^cnaded Vv^crc in the 
lia\vrcnce» 

My fellcvz-citizens, it is cnr ] rivilege to meet here tc-da]^, six 
survivors cf that rencvv^ned buitle, three officers and three men. 
The officers are, cnr townanan, Ca; lain W. V. Taykr, whom^ 
as master of the Lawrer.ce, we have akeady several times had 
occasion to me:rtion ; who, although wounded, never left (he- 
deck of that devoted shin, and who, ] re meted for his gallantry 
and services on tlie I nth, is now, and has bcrn for many years,. 
a pcst-captaiir in the navy. — Another officer of the Lawrence — 
directly before me — is Dr. Usher Parscns, now cf Providence, 
who witjh alacrity and marked skill attended, net only tlie wour.d- 
ed of his own ship, but™4ris tvv^o colleaguc<5 being ill — these 
likewise' of the whole s:|uadron. Being hinrself tveak from le- 
cent illness, he had, after the battle, to be hoisted in aiul out of 
the other vessels ; and in his own, he performed during the con- 
flict his humane duties, exposed like the rest of the crew to the- 
shot of the enemy ; for so shallcvv' was tl;e Lawrence, that her 
cock} it was not below watei', and one or two of the Vv^cunded 
whom Dr. Parsons dressed, were killed at liis side as they } cssed 
from under his hands. — The third officer presci::t here is our 
townsman, Mr. Thomas Bi-owncU, second in command of tlie 
yiriel, who, being lame from a recent accident, went into battle- 
on crutches, which the increased vramith cf his blood during tbc' 
flsht enabled hi.a; soon to thrr v.^ aside, and whose foituro it wa?. 



17 

to witness the British flag pulled down seven times on the Cana- 
da frontier. Mr. Brownell, who, like Mr. Taylor, was promoted 
after one action, retired for a number of years from the navy, in 
which he is now a lieutenant, instead of being, as but for that 
voluntary retirement he would be, a post-captain. The men are 
Mr. Reuben Wright, of Providence, who carries Avith him as a 
memento of that day, a scar from a bullet through his wrist ; 
om- townsman, Mr. George Cornell, who was also wounded, and 
was one of the few spared on the Lawrence ; and Mr. Isaac 
Peckhani. 

These our fellow-citizens, who now modestly face this assem- 
blage, the objects of its deep interest and sympathy, it is by the 
watch just forty years to an hour since, each one at his post', do- 
ing there his brave duty, they faced on Lake Erie the cannon of ' 
the enemy. For us, it will be for the rest of our lives a grateful 
remembrance, that, preferred before all others, we have been 
permitted here to behold tliese brave men, and for ourselves, and 
for all the twenty-iive millions of our countrymen for whom 
they fought that strong fight, to greet them and to thank them. 
Rhode Island has claimed this victory as belonging to her. — 
When Captain Perry obtained the command on Lake Erie, he 
took with him from Newport, as we have seen, a large number 
of men and officers. By them the fleet was, first, chiefly built, 
and then largely manned. Our townsman, Mr. Daniel Turner, 
the undaunted commander of the Caledonia, and whose decease, 
as Commodore in the Navy, his numerous friends, his native 
State, and the whole country have so recently mom-ned, was the 
commander in the squadron by v/hom Captain Perry set most 
store, and it was he and Mr., noAV Captain Taylor, who, under 
the direction of Captain Perry, superintended the rigging, equip- 
ping, and arming of the fleet. Four of tlie nine commanders, 
including the chief, were from Rhode Island, and from our 



18 

town, — Perry, Turner, Almy, and Cliamplin ; and five of the 
other officers, — Taylor, Brownell, Breeze, Dunham, and Alex- 
ander Perry, brother of the Commodore and with him in the 
Lawrence, a midshipman twelve years of age. Further, Cap- 
tain Perry, after he had fought the Lawrence until she had nei- 
ther men nor guns to fight with, transferred himself to the Ni- 
agara, still almost untouched by the enemy : and then, bringing 
her for the first time into close action, by a movement illustrions 
in naval annals for its boldness and brilliant success, decided in 
a few minutes the battle, he having thus commanded in person 
the two large vessels successively ; so that, instead of four of the 
nine commanders, it may be said that five out of the eight were 
Rhode-Islanders : and these five commanded forty-seven of the 
fifty-four guns of the squadron. Surely, when all this is con- 
sidered, v/e may confidently expect that History will ratify the 
high claim put forward by Rhode Island. 

In the early history of our country is found the cause why 
Rhode Island should have earned such an honor. Few, proba- 
bly, even of this company, are aware that in Rhode Island or- 
iginated the idea of a national navy, and the first official act for 
its establishment.* In the session of the General Assembly of 
Rhode Island held at East Greenwich in August, 1775, it was 
voted, that theii delegates to the Congress be instructed " to use 
their whole influence for building, at the Continental exjjense, 
a fleet of sufficient force for the protection of the Colonies." — 
Accordingly, on the 3d of October following, these instructions 
were laid before the Congress, Assembled in Philadelphia, and 
on tlie22d of December, Congress passed resolutions for the or- 
ganization of a fleet, and appointed a '' Commander-in-Chief," 



*For these facts I am indebted to the rrcfaco of the admii-able Lecture on the 
Battle of Lake Eric, by the Hon. Tristaiii Burgc.'^, delivered before the Historical 
Society of llhode Ljiand iu 183G, and published in 1339. 



19 

four captains, five first-lioiUenants, and fi\'e second-lieutenants. 
Now, the commander-in-chief, Esek Hopkins, and two of the 
four captains, Abraham Whipple and John B. Hopkins, were 
from Rhode Island. And further, three of the five first-lieuten- 
ants, and four of the five second-lieutenants, were from Rhode 
Island. And further, the only man m the United States that 
ever has borne the title of Admiral was a Rhode-Islander, Esek 
Hopkins. And under Admiral Hopkins, the first fleet sailed 
from the mouth of the Delaware, in February, 1776, and on the 
3d of March captured New Providence, in the Bahamas, carrying 
ofi", and safely landing at New London, a large amount of mili- 
tary stores, at that crisis, a most acceptable booty. Thus, the 
first American fleet that ever put to sea, was commanded, and 
mainly oflicered and manned, by men from Rhode Island. It 
was then consequent, that the first American fleet that ever over- 
came a hostile fleet, should be chiefly commanded and largely 
manned by men from Rhode Island. 

While, on the 10th of September, the cannon Vv^ere thunder- 
ing in deadly conflict on the lake, all along the American shore 
hundreds of mothers, with groups of children clustered round 
their knees, stood listening, with such terror in their countenan- 
ces as only mothers can know ; ready, should the day go against 
us, to flee before the tomahawk of the savage. As the news flew 
inland, fear was changed to joy, danger to security. The vie- 
tory of Perry released the whole northwest territory from dread 
of the scalping-knife ; it broke up the confederacy of Indian 
tribes ; it wiped out the stigma of Hull's surrender ; it enabled 
General Harrison immediately to invade, by help of the Ameri- 
can fleet, the British territory, driving out or capturing their ar- 
my, where again good service was done by Perry, as volunteer 
aid to Harrison ; it led to the overthrow of British power in Up- 
per Canada and on the upper lakes ; and the immense nortlnrest 



20 

territory of the United States it secured against British invasion 
and Indian depredation then and for ever. 

Nor was the effect of the victory upon the country at large, 
less brilliant. It came at a time of depression, to reanimate the 
whole land. As from town to town the news spread, crowds 
gathered in the streets, to utter the universal joy and exultation. 
The despondent took fresh hope, the Aveak grew strong, the 
strong stronger: the spirit that had kept the body of Perry 
erect in his boat lifted up the whole comitry. 

My fellow-citizens, between a people and its heroes there is 
an intimate sympathy. .Its heroes and its men of genius are 
the richest product of a people. Springing out of its soil, they, 
in the affluence of their creative force, throw back upon the 
son whence they have sprung the seeds of new forces. A free 
people generates leaders, to strengthen and enlarge freedom. — 
As we have seen in the Erie fleet, the captain and the rank and 
•file are worthy one of the other. 

A people who have so nobly wrought their innate capacities, 
that they have achieved the right and the power to move and 
speak and act with self-dependence and independence, — and who 
by habitual watchfulness and action, keep themselves liberated 
from the unmanning, belittling pressure of irresistible, iirespon- 
sible power above them, — wherewith all the rest of Christen- 
dom is more or less cursed, — such a people carry into war all the 
requisites of victory, with a fulness of possession which no dis- 
cipline of despotism, no bribes of glory, can ever bring about. — 
Their sight is keener, their blows are quicker, their judgment is 
cooler, their aim is surer ; their resistance is more steadfast, their 
assault is irresistible ; there is more life in them, there is more 
manhood in them. In war, as in peace, men are efficient in pro- 
portion as they are free ; and the freest nation will be the only 
one that is invincible. At this moment, when Europe is a 



21 

"boundless camp, with embattled millions equipped for destruc- 
tion, the most formidable military power on the globe is that 
nation which, with its twenty-five millions, has but ten thousand 
soldiers, and a little, half-disorganized navy. Ay, my fellow- 
citizens, among the lessons which we are teaching the world is 
this great one, — that not soldiers, but men, constitute the bul- 
wark of a nation. And we are teaching it, too, the method of 
producing in countless multitudes these self-reliant men. 

So long as we continue to be self-governed, we shall abound 
in civil strength and manhood, and therefore in military strength 
and manhood. Military strength does not create civil ; it saps it, 
and thus finally itself ; but civil strength does create and perpet- 
uate, without loss to itself, military strength. Guard we, then, 
as the most precious birthright ever possessed by a people, our 
inestimable, our most sacred liberties. And then no fear but 
that, in a war for principles and right, unconquerable thousands, 
ay, hundreds of thousands will swarm to our flag ; and the sick 
will again, as on Erie, crawl up from their beds to the battle ; and 
no fear but that, from the bosom of a people thus inspired, there 
will spring up to lead them other Decaturs, other Perrys. 



APPENDIX A. 



The following letter to Commodore Chaunccy, written about the 20th 
of July, vividly depicts the wants and the feelings of Captain Perry at 
that period : — 

"Dear Sir: 

" The enemy's fleet of six sail are now off the bnr of this harbor. — 
What a golden opportunity if we had men I Their object is, no doubt, 
either to blockade or attack us, or to carry provisions and reinforcements 
to Maiden. Should it be to attack us, we are ready to meet them. I am 
constantly looking to the eastward ; every mail and every traveller from 
that quarter is looked to as the harbinger of the glad tidings of our men 
being on their way. I am fully aware how much your time must be occu- 
pied with the important concerns of the other lake. Give mo men, sir, 
and I will acquire both for you and myself honor and glory on this lake, 
or perish in the attempt. Conceive my feelings ; — an enemy within strik" 
ing distance, my vessels ready, and not men enough to man them. Going 
out with those I now have is out of the question. You would not suffer it 
were you here. I again ask you to think of my situation ; — the enemy in 
sight, the vessels under my command more than sufficient, and ready to 
make sail, and yet obliged to bite my fingers with vexation for want of men. 
I know, my dear sir, full well, you will send me the crews for the vessels 
as soon as possible ; yet a day appears an age. I hope that the wind, or 
some other cause, will delay the enemy's return to Maiden until my men 
arrive, and I will have tkem.^' 

Two days after this letter was despatched, the British squadron being 
becalmed off the harbor of Erie, Captain Perry pulled out with his gun- 



24 

boats to attack vi. After a few shots had been exchanged, a breeze spring- 
ing up, the euemy stood off. 

On the 23d of July, he received a reinforcement of seventy men and 
officers from Commodore Chauncey, to whom he immediately wrote as fol- 
lov;rs : — • 

" My dear Sir : 

" I have this moment had the vary gi-eat pleasure of receiving yours by 
Mr. Chaniplin, -syith the seventy men. The enemy arc now off this har- 
bor, with the Queen Charlotte, Lady Prevost, Chippeway, Eric, and 
Friend's Good- Will. My vessels are all ready. For God's sake, and 
yoicrs, and mine, send me men and officers, and I will have them all in a 
day or two. Commodore Barclay keeps just out of the reach of our gun- 
boats. I am not able to ship a single man at this place. I shall try for 
volunteers for our cruise. Send on the commander, my dear sir, for the 
Niagara. She is a noble vessel. Woolsey, Brown, &r Elliott I should 
like to see amazingly. I am very deficient in officers of every kind. — 
Send me officers and men, and honor is within our gi-asp. The vessels are 
all ready to meet the enemy tlio moment they are officered and manned. — 
Our sails are bent, provisions on board, and, in fact, every thing is ready. 
Barclay has been bearding me for several days ; I long to have at him. — - 
However anxious I am to reap the reward of the labor and anxiety I liave 
had on this station, I shall rejoice, whoever commands, to see this force on 
the lake, and surely I had rather be commanded by my friend than by any 
other. Barclay shows no disposition to avoid the contest." 

How expressive is this letter ! Here he proposes to Commodore Chaun- 
cey to take command himself, hoping thereby to get his fleet manned. For 
the general good, he offers to sink himself into a subordinate, and forego 
the present hope of glory. Goaded again by another ap^jeal from General 
Harrison, he again writes to Commodore Chauncey : — 

"Sir: 
"I have this moment received, by expres;?, the inclosed letter from 
General Harrison. If I had officers and men, and I have no doubt you 
will send them, I could fight the enemy and proceed up the lake. But, 



25 



liaviii"- no one to command the Niagara, and only one commissionod lieuten- 
ant, and two acting lieutenants, whatever my wishes may be, going out is 
out of the question. The men that came by Mr. Champlin are a motley 
set, — blacks, soldiers, and boys. I cannot think you saw them after they 
were selected. I am, however, pleased to see any thing in the shape of a 



man. 



APPENDIX B. 

The Discourse on the Battle of Lake Erie by Dr. Usher Parsons, bc- 
in'^'^ written by an eyewitness of high character and intelligence, is tho 
most authentic history that Ave have of that day. From this Discourse, de- 
livered before the Rhode Island Historical Society, in 1852, I extract the 
following passage, as giving a graphic picture of what was going on in the 
Lawrence : — 

" When the battle had raged an hour and a half, I heard a call for mo 
at the small sky-light, and stepping towards it I saw it was tho Commo- 
dore, whose countenance was as calm and placid as if on ordinary duty. — • 
' Doctor,' said he, 'send me one of your men;' meaning one of the six 
that were to assist me, which was done instantly. In five minutes the call 
was repeated and obeyed, and, at the seventh call I told him he had them 
all. He asked if any could pull a rope, when two or three of the wound- 
ed crawled upon deck to lend a feeble hand in pulling at the last guns. 

" When the battle was raging most severely, Midshipman Lamb came 
down, with his arm badly fractured. I applied a splint, and requested 
him to go forward and lie down. As he was leaving me, and while my 
h-vnd was on him, a cannon-ball struck ]jim in the side, and daslied ncainst 
the other side of the room, instantly terminating his sufferings. Charles 



26 

Polrig, a Narragausett Indiai>, who was badly wounded, suficred in like 



manner." 



" There were other incidents less painful to witness. The Commodore's 
doa' had seated himself in the bottom of the closet containina; all our croek- 
ery. A cannon-ball passed through the closet, and smashed crockery and 
door, covering the floor with fragments. The dog set up a barldng protest 
ao-ainst the riaiht of such an invasion of his chosen retirement. 

" Lieutenant Yarnall had his scalp badly torn, and came below with the 
blood streaming over his face. Some lint was hastily applied, and confined 
with a large bandanna, with directions to report himself for better dressing 
after the battle, as he insisted on returning to the deck. The cannon-balls 
had knocked to pieces the hammocks stowed away on deck, and let loose 
their contents, which were reed or flag tops, that floated in the air like 
feathers, and gave the appearance of a snow-storm. These lighted upon 
Yarnall's head covered with blood, and on coming below with another in- 
jury, his bloody face covered with the cat-tails, made his head resemble 
that of a huge owl. Some of tlie wounded roared out with laughter, that 
the Devil had come for us." 



27 



CELEBRATION OF THE DAY. 

Saturday, tlio 10th of September, 1853, was the fortieth anniversary of 
the Battle of Lake Erie. The occasion had been annnally celebrated for 
many years by the Newport Artillery, a corps organized in 1741 ; which 
paraded and visited the widow of Commodore Perry, in honor of the day 
rendered illustrious by his most seasonable, important, and noble victory. 
Daring t'lo last two or three years, his son, who is engaged in the practice 
of the law at Ncwpoi't, has commanded the company ; and motives cf deli- 
cacy thus interfered with the usual observance of the day. The members 
of the Newport Artillery, cherishing with honest pride the memory of 
i'erry, and attached from patriotic feeling and personal associations to the 
anniversary of his great aeliievcment, were desirous of a more emphatic 
and general commemoration than had yet marked its return. The lapse of 
time had already thinned the ranks of the survivors of the battle, although 
most of those engaged were young men ; and it was not to be hoped that 
either the family or comrades of the hero would long be spared to partici- 
p it3 in the ceremonies of such an occasion. These considerations led thorn 
to propose to their follow-citizens a civic and military celebration worthy of 
th3 occasion. Accordingly, committees were appointed, the soldiers of the 
State invited, an orator chosen, and all the participants in the battle that 
could be discovered, courteously urged to be present. These arrangements 
wore carried into effjct with much zeal and unanimity ; the town wa.s deco- 
rated with flags, flowers, and mottoes ; an ample collation was served up at 
the Ocean House, a large procession organized, salutes fired, and all the 
usual demonstrations incident to a national holiday provided. Notwith- 
standing a copious shower which fell at the hour specified for the cortege 
to start, with the exception of abridging its route, these arrangements were 
fully carried into CiTjct. Numerous strangers came from a distance, and 
mxny of the summer visitors at Newport attended the ceremonies. George 
H. Calvert, Esq., of Baltimore, for many years a resident there, kindly 
ac |uies33d in th3 wishes of his fullow-citi/.cns, and, at a few days' notice, 
undercook to address tliem. The band from Fort Adam.- vamA the Newport 



28 

aa:l Pawtucket Brass Bands were in attendance ; the officers of the army 
garrisoned here, the State and municipal authorities, the professional men 
of the city, the lire companies of Newport, and one from New Bedford, as 
well as the Kentish Guards and Warren Artillery, occupied the body-pews 
of the church ; the galleries were appropriated to ladies, and the platform 
to the survivors of the l)attle. Altogether, the scene thus presented was 
efrjcl;Ive and memorable. 

Aficr appropriate music, the Rev. Henry Jackson offered up a prayer 
which he prefaced by the following passages of Scripture : — 

"The Lord wrought a great victory that day. We will rejoice in thy 
salvation, and in the nam2 of our God we will set up our banners. Some 
trust ia chariots and some in horses ; but we will remember the name of 
th3 Lo.-d our God. Eater his gates with thanksgiving, and into his courts 
with praise ; be thankful unto him and bless his name. For the Lord is 
good ; his mercy Is everlasting ; and his truth endureth unto all genera- 
tions. By terrible things in righteousness wilt thou answer us, God of 
our salvation ; who art the confidence of all the ends of the earth, and of 
them that are far off upon the sea ; which stilleth the noise of their waves, 
and the tumult of the people. The Lord bless thee, and keep thee ; the 
Lord make his face to shine upon thee and bo gracious unto thee ; the 
Lord lift up his countenance, and give thee peace. In all thy ways ac- 
knowledge him, and he shall direct thy paths. His right hand and his 
holy arm hath gotten him the victory. Eighteousness exalteth a nation, 
but sin is a reproach to any people. Fear God, who made heaven and 
earth, and the sea. Fear God and keep his commandments, for this is tho 
■whole duty of man." 

" The orator," says the Newport Mercury, " spoke with clearness and 
force. He seemed to have drawn strength from his subject, and was sus- 
tained and borne along by the patriotism that stirred every heart on tliat 
oc3asion. His narrative of the battle was as clear and concise as thouoh 
he had participated in the exciting scenes he described, and those best abde 
to judge of its correctness, at its conclusion gave him their hearty appro- 
bation. Repeatedly he was interrupted by the plaudits of the audience ; 
and v.'hen he addressed the survivors, collectively and individually, and 
toUl of thoir deeds of daring In their country's cau?o. forty years ago that 



29 

very hour, the feelings of his hearers found vent in the most cnth-usiastic 
applause. And on the close of the address, forgetting the place, lostfc to 
every thing but the .excitement of the moment, thej arose as one man,, and 
gave three hearty cheers. Then came congratulations on all sides, c«'ery 
eye bespeaking pleasure, every familiar hand exteiaded to grasp that .of the 
icrator ; all were ht^.py, all burned with the patriotism enkindled in their 
liCarts. 

■" The ceremony over, the procession a^in formed. The rain hadiosased 
fc© iall, the clouds were breaking away, and in half ;an hour the suss was 
fihhilng brightly. The procession moved north to the Liberty Tree^ down 
IThames Street, to Howard Street, up Howard to Spring Street, up Spring 
*to Turo Street, and so round to the Ocean House, where a collaticm had 
%een provided for the company. Hoa. Lobcrt B. Cranston presidail at 
tthe table. On his right hand sat thfi»orator and the .clergyman, the survi- 
wora, (Officers of the army and navy; and others ; and «on the left, the Gov- 
.ernor $nd suite, and invited guests. 

" The Hall of the Ocean House was tastefully decorated with flags, 
;shields, and mottoes, and the tables -were elegantly furnished, and weh«ard 
,but one expression on the part of the guests, — nurnberuig abaut six hmi- 
*drod, — that of satisfafitioD.'' 



30 



SURVIVORS OF THE BATTLE OF LAKE ERIE. 

Post-Captain WILLIAM V. TAYLOR. 
Lieutenant THOMAS BEOWNELL. 
Dr. USHER PARSONS. 
Mr. GEORGE CORNELL. 
Mr. REUBEN WRIGHT. 
Mr. ISAAC PECKHAM. 



COMMITTEE OF ARRANGEMENTS. 

Colonel C. G. PERRY. 

LiEUT.-CoL. THOMAS B. CARR. 

Major WILLIAM H. STANHOPE. 

Captain BENJAMIN MARSH, 2d. 

C. W. TURNER. Clerk cmd QxiartermasteT. 

J. ALFRED HAZARD. 

PELEG CLARKE. 

R. B. CRANSTON. 

WILLIAM B. SWAN. 

R. J. TAYLOR. 

IL E. TURNER. 

GEORGE C. MASON. 

THOMAS B. SHEBMAN. 

JOHN ELDBED. 



31 



ORDER OF ARRANGEMENTS 

FOR THE CELEBR/iTION OF TUE IOtII OF SEPTEMBER. 

TuE public are cordially invited to unite in the celebration of the Forti- 
eth Anniversary of the Victory on Lake Erie, on the 10th of September, 
1813, in the city of Newport, according to tbo arraageuients published 
below. 

A salute will be fired by the Artillery Company, on the arrival of the 
Grovernor and suite, who will than be escorted to the State House, and the 
invited guests will occupy the Representatives' Hall. 

The procession will be formed on the Parade at 10 o'clock, under the 
direction of 

Chief Marshal 
WILLIAM B. SWAN, 

Assisted by Messrs. 

John Eldred, 
William H. Greene, 
Charles Devens, Jr., 

C. C. Van Zandt, 

James F. Stevens. 

Military of the State. 

Fire Department. 

Chief Marshal and Aids. 

Orator and Chaplain. 

Survivors of the Battle. 

Officers of the U. S. Army, Navy, and Revenue Marine. 

Surviving Officers and Men of the War of 1812. 

Sheriff of Newport County. 

Governor of the State and Aids. 

Major-General and Aids. 

General Staff. 

Brigadier-Generals and Staff 



Civil Officers of the United States. 

Civil Officers of the State. 

City Marshal 

Mayor, AIcTcrHien, and Common Council. 

Marshals. 

Invited Guests. 

Citizens and Strangers on foot. 

Citizens and Strangers on Horseback. 

The processioiY will movo up Broad Street to the Play Scales, dowrP 
Spring Street to Howard, down Howard to Thames, up Thames to Marl- 
borough, up MarlBorough to Farewell, up FaTevTell to the North Church„ 
where the following order of exercises will be observed : — 

Music by the U. S. Band. 

Prayer by Eev. Henry Jackson. 

Music by Newport Brass Band. 

Address by George H. Calveet, Esq. 

Music by the U. S. Band. 

Benediction. 
Voluntary on the Organ. 

Hcturnin^, the procession will move up Farewell Street to the Liberty 
Tree, down Thames Street to Washington Square, up Touro Street to the- 
O'cean House, whore a collation will be served by John G. Weaver, Esq. ,. 
to the military, firemen, and invited guests. 

A sufficient number of police m\\ be in attendance, to enforce ordeir 
tkpoughout the day. 

By order of the Committee of Arrangements. 

Henhy- E. Tubnkr, Secretary. 





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